Accidents, wars and deaths on the news, sentence 8
Russia began a full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022; many soldiers and civilians have been killed, and it was reported that millions had to leave their homes.
Who acts: Russia, millions · What happens: begin, kill, report, have, leave, invade · To what, where: scale invasion, many soldiers, invasion, homes, Ukraine
This is a sentence of the lesson «Accidents, wars and deaths on the news» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Russia, millions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Russia | Russia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 began | nsubj |
| 2 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 invasion | det |
| 4 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 scale | amod |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 4 full | punct |
| 6 | scale | scale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 invasion | compound |
| 7 | invasion | invasion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 began | obj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 Ukraine | case |
| 9 | Ukraine | Ukraine | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 invasion | nmod |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 February | case |
| 11 | February | February | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 began | obl |
| 12 | 2022 | 2022 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 11 February | nmod:unmarked |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 killed | punct |
| 14 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 soldiers | amod |
| 15 | soldiers | soldier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 civilians | cc |
| 17 | civilians | civilian | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 soldiers | conj |
| 18 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 killed | aux |
| 19 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 20 killed | aux:pass |
| 20 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 began | parataxis |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 reported | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 reported | cc |
| 23 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 reported | nsubj:pass |
| 24 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 reported | aux:pass |
| 25 | reported | report | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 began | conj |
| 26 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 28 had | mark |
| 27 | millions | million | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 had | nsubj |
| 28 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 reported | ccomp |
| 29 | to | to | PART | _ | 30 leave | mark |
| 30 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 had | xcomp |
| 31 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 homes | nmod:poss |
| 32 | homes | home | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 leave | obj |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 began | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | past | Russia | a scale invasion of Ukraine | february | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent invasion=Eventuality | |||
| 2 | kill | present · perfect · passive | many soldiers and civilians | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 3 | report | past · passive | invasion | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: subject=Theme clause=Attribute | |||||
| 4 | have | past | millions | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | leave | to-infinitive | millions not said here | soldiers's homes | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent home=Theme | ||||
| 6 | invade | Ukraine | nom invasion «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:religion-ethics:060-accidents-wars-and-deaths-on-the-news.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/60-accidents-wars-and-deaths-on-the-news/8/