What other faiths and non-religious people believe, sentence 2
Priya says Hindus believe the soul is reborn in a new body, a person or an animal, until it is freed from the cycle (moksha); Mei's Buddhist grandma believes in rebirth until a being reaches nirvana, a peace beyond suffering; Gurpreet says Sikhs believe the soul returns to God like a drop returning to the ocean.
Who acts: Priya, Hindus, soul, Buddhist grandma, being, Gurpreet · What happens: say, believe, be, free, reach, return · To what, where: new body, soul, cycle, rebirth, nirvana, God · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «What other faiths and non-religious people believe» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Priya, Hindus, soul, Buddhist grandma), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Priya | Priya | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 says | nsubj |
| 2 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | Hindus | Hindu | PROPN | Number=Plur | 4 believe | nsubj |
| 4 | believe | believe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 says | ccomp |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 soul | det |
| 6 | soul | soul | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 reborn | nsubj |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 reborn | cop |
| 8 | reborn | reborn | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 believe | ccomp |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 body | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 body | det |
| 11 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 body | amod |
| 12 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 reborn | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 person | punct |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 person | det |
| 15 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 body | conj |
| 16 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 18 animal | cc |
| 17 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 animal | det |
| 18 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 person | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 freed | punct |
| 20 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 23 freed | mark |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 freed | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 freed | aux:pass |
| 23 | freed | free | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 reborn | advcl |
| 24 | from | from | ADP | _ | 26 cycle | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 cycle | det |
| 26 | cycle | cycle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 freed | obl |
| 27 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 28 moksha | punct |
| 28 | moksha | moksha | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 cycle | appos |
| 29 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 28 moksha | punct |
| 30 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 35 believes | punct |
| 31 | Mei | Mei | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 grandma | nmod:poss |
| 32 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 31 Mei | case |
| 33 | Buddhist | Buddhist | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 grandma | amod |
| 34 | grandma | grandma | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 believes | nsubj |
| 35 | believes | believe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 says | parataxis |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 rebirth | case |
| 37 | rebirth | rebirth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 believes | obl |
| 38 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 41 reaches | mark |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 being | det |
| 40 | being | be | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 reaches | nsubj |
| 41 | reaches | reach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 believes | advcl |
| 42 | nirvana | nirvana | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 reaches | obj |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 peace | punct |
| 44 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 45 peace | det |
| 45 | peace | peace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 nirvana | appos |
| 46 | beyond | beyond | ADP | _ | 47 suffering | case |
| 47 | suffering | suffer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 peace | nmod |
| 48 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 50 says | punct |
| 49 | Gurpreet | Gurpreet | PROPN | Number=Sing | 50 says | nsubj |
| 50 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 says | conj |
| 51 | Sikhs | Sikh | PROPN | Number=Plur | 52 believe | nsubj |
| 52 | believe | believe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 50 says | ccomp |
| 53 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 54 soul | det |
| 54 | soul | soul | NOUN | Number=Sing | 55 returns | nsubj |
| 55 | returns | return | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 52 believe | ccomp |
| 56 | to | to | ADP | _ | 57 God | case |
| 57 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 55 returns | obl |
| 58 | like | like | ADP | _ | 60 drop | case |
| 59 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 60 drop | det |
| 60 | drop | drop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 55 returns | obl |
| 61 | returning | return | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 60 drop | acl |
| 62 | to | to | ADP | _ | 64 ocean | case |
| 63 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 64 ocean | det |
| 64 | ocean | ocean | NOUN | Number=Sing | 61 returning | obl |
| 65 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 says | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | Priya | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | believe | present | Hindus | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 3 | is | present | the soul | a new body and a person or a animal | reborn property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | free | present · passive | soul | the cycle | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Source | ||||
| 5 | believe | present | Mei's Buddhist grandma | rebirth | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 6 | reach | present | a being | nirvana | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent nirvana=Theme | ||||
| 7 | say speech: assert | present | Gurpreet | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 8 | believe | present | Sikhs | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 9 | return | present | the soul | God | like a drop | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to god=Result | |||
| 10 | return | gerund | a drop not said here | to the ocean result | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to ocean=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:religion-ethics:073-what-other-faiths-and-non-religious-people-believe.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/73-what-other-faiths-and-non-religious-people-believe/2/