Why honesty matters: trust holds everything together, sentence 18

Grandad's old saying «a man's word is his bond» means a promise could be relied on like a signed agreement; because people were known to keep their word, a deal could be sealed with just a handshake.

Who acts: word, man, People · What happens: say, be, mean, rely, sign, know · To what, where: bond, promise, signed agreement, people, word, deal · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Why honesty matters: trust holds everything together» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (word, man, People), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 saying	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Grandad	case
3	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 saying	amod
4	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 means	advcl
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	12 bond	punct
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 man	det
7	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 word	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 man	case
9	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 bond	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 bond	cop
11	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 bond	nmod:poss
12	bond	bond	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 means	ccomp
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 bond	punct
14	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 promise	det
16	promise	promise	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 relied	nsubj:pass
17	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	19 relied	aux
18	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	19 relied	aux:pass
19	relied	rely	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 means	ccomp
20	on	on	ADP	_	24 agreement	case
21	like	like	ADP	_	24 agreement	case
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 agreement	det
23	signed	sign	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	24 agreement	amod
24	agreement	agreement	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 relied	obl
25	;	;	PUNCT	_	29 known	punct
26	because	because	SCONJ	_	29 known	mark
27	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 known	nsubj
28	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	29 known	aux:pass
29	known	know	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 means	advcl
30	to	to	PART	_	31 keep	mark
31	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	29 known	xcomp
32	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	33 word	nmod:poss
33	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 keep	obj
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	39 sealed	punct
35	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	36 deal	det
36	deal	deal	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 sealed	nsubj:pass
37	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	39 sealed	aux
38	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	39 sealed	aux:pass
39	sealed	seal	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	29 known	conj
40	with	with	ADP	_	43 handshake	case
41	just	just	ADV	_	43 handshake	advmod
42	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	43 handshake	det
43	handshake	handshake	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 sealed	obl
44	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 means	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	gerund					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is a in a quote	present	a man's word	man's bond			tree rules
3	mean	present					vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	rely	could · passive		a promise	a signed agreement		tree rules
5	sign	participle					vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	know	past · passive		people			tree rules
7	keep	to-infinitive		People's word			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme
8	seal	could · passive		a deal		with a handshake	vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP PP.co-patient PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with handshake=Instrument
9	word in a quote		a man				nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent
10	word		People				nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:religion-ethics:081-why-honesty-matters-trust-holds-everything-together.lesson:18.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/81-why-honesty-matters-trust-holds-everything-together/18/