The Sun, our star, sentence 18

The Sun is a ball of gas, so different parts spin at different speeds: about 25 days at its equator and about 35 days near its poles; astronomers first noticed the Sun spins by watching sunspots move across its face.

Who acts: Sun, different parts, astronomers, sunspots · What happens: be, spin, notice, watch, move · To what, where: ball, different speeds, face · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Sun, our star» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sun, different parts, astronomers, sunspots), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Sun	det
2	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 ball	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 ball	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 ball	det
5	ball	ball	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 gas	case
7	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 ball	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 spin	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	12 spin	advmod
10	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 parts	amod
11	parts	part	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 spin	nsubj
12	spin	spin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 ball	parataxis
13	at	at	ADP	_	15 speeds	case
14	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 speeds	amod
15	speeds	speed	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 spin	obl
16	:	:	PUNCT	_	19 days	punct
17	about	about	ADV	_	18 25	advmod
18	25	25	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	19 days	nummod
19	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 speeds	appos
20	at	at	ADP	_	22 equator	case
21	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	22 equator	nmod:poss
22	equator	equator	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 days	nmod
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 days	cc
24	about	about	ADV	_	25 35	advmod
25	35	35	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	26 days	nummod
26	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 days	conj
27	near	near	ADP	_	29 poles	case
28	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	29 poles	nmod:poss
29	poles	pole	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 days	nmod
30	;	;	PUNCT	_	31 astronomers	punct
31	astronomers	astronomer	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 noticed	nsubj
32	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	33 noticed	advmod
33	noticed	notice	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 ball	parataxis
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 Sun	det
35	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	36 spins	nsubj
36	spins	spin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	33 noticed	ccomp
37	by	by	SCONJ	_	38 watching	mark
38	watching	watch	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	33 noticed	advcl
39	sunspots	sunspot	NOUN	Number=Plur	40 move	nsubj
40	move	move	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	38 watching	xcomp
41	across	across	ADP	_	43 face	case
42	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	43 face	nmod:poss
43	face	face	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 move	obl
44	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 ball	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the Sun	a ball		of gas	tree rules
2	spin	present	different parts		different speeds		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme at speed=Trajectory
3	notice	past	astronomers			first property	vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
4	spin	present	the Sun				vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
5	watch	gerund	astronomers not said here				tree rules
6	move	infinitive	sunspots		Sun's face		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme across face=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:space:001-the-sun-our-star.lesson:18.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/1-the-sun-our-star/18/