Stars: what they are, sentence 1
A star is a giant ball of hot gas, mostly hydrogen and helium, that makes its own light: deep in the Sun's core, at about 15 million °C, hydrogen is squeezed into helium and gives out enormous energy.
Who acts: star, giant ball · What happens: be, make, squeeze, give out, light · To what, where: giant ball, own light, hydrogen, helium, enormous energy
This is a sentence of the lesson «Stars: what they are» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (star, giant ball), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 star | det |
| 2 | star | star | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 ball | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 ball | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 ball | det |
| 5 | giant | giant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 ball | amod |
| 6 | ball | ball | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 gas | case |
| 8 | hot | hot | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 gas | amod |
| 9 | gas | gas | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 ball | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 hydrogen | punct |
| 11 | mostly | mostly | ADV | _ | 12 hydrogen | advmod |
| 12 | hydrogen | hydrogen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 gas | appos |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 helium | cc |
| 14 | helium | helium | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 hydrogen | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 makes | punct |
| 16 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 makes | nsubj |
| 17 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 ball | acl:relcl |
| 18 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 light | nmod:poss |
| 19 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 light | amod |
| 20 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 makes | obj |
| 21 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 22 deep | punct |
| 22 | deep | deep | ADV | _ | 17 makes | parataxis |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 core | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 Sun | det |
| 25 | Sun | Sun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 core | nmod:poss |
| 26 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 25 Sun | case |
| 27 | core | core | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 deep | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 million | punct |
| 29 | at | at | ADP | _ | 32 million | case |
| 30 | about | about | ADV | _ | 32 million | advmod |
| 31 | 15 | 15 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 32 million | compound |
| 32 | million | million | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 22 deep | conj |
| 33 | ° | ° | SYM | _ | 34 C | case |
| 34 | C | C | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 million | nmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 squeezed | punct |
| 36 | hydrogen | hydrogen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 squeezed | nsubj:pass |
| 37 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 38 squeezed | aux:pass |
| 38 | squeezed | squeeze | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 deep | conj |
| 39 | into | into | ADP | _ | 40 helium | case |
| 40 | helium | helium | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 squeezed | obl |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 gives | cc |
| 42 | gives | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 38 squeezed | conj |
| 43 | out | out | ADV | _ | 42 gives | advmod |
| 44 | enormous | enormous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 energy | amod |
| 45 | energy | energy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 gives | obj |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 ball | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a star | a giant ball | of hot gas | tree rules | |||
| 2 | make | present | a giant ball | star's own light | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset light=Product | ||||
| 3 | squeeze | present · passive | hydrogen | helium | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: subject=Material into helium=Product | ||||
| 4 | give out | present | enormous energy | out property | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent energy=Theme | ||||
| 5 | light | star | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:space:017-stars-what-they-are.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/17-stars-what-they-are/1/