How stars die, sentence 9
Stars more than about 8 times as heavy as the Sun end in a supernova, an explosion that for weeks can outshine a whole galaxy.
Who acts: Stars, explosion · What happens: end, outshine · To what, where: supernova, whole galaxy
This is a sentence of the lesson «How stars die» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Stars, explosion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Stars | star | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 end | nsubj |
| 2 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 5 8 | advmod |
| 3 | than | than | ADP | _ | 6 times | case |
| 4 | about | about | ADV | _ | 5 8 | advmod |
| 5 | 8 | 8 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 6 times | nummod |
| 6 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 heavy | obl:unmarked |
| 7 | as | as | ADV | _ | 8 heavy | advmod |
| 8 | heavy | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 1 Stars | amod |
| 9 | as | as | ADP | _ | 11 Sun | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Sun | det |
| 11 | Sun | Sun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 heavy | obl |
| 12 | end | end | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 supernova | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 supernova | det |
| 15 | supernova | supernova | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 end | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 explosion | punct |
| 17 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 explosion | det |
| 18 | explosion | explosion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 supernova | appos |
| 19 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 23 outshine | nsubj |
| 20 | for | for | ADP | _ | 21 weeks | case |
| 21 | weeks | week | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 outshine | obl |
| 22 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 outshine | aux |
| 23 | outshine | outshine | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 explosion | acl:relcl |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 galaxy | det |
| 25 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 galaxy | amod |
| 26 | galaxy | galaxy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 outshine | obj |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 end | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | end | present | Stars | a supernova | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | outshine | can | a explosion | a whole galaxy | week | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot galaxy=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:space:019-how-stars-die.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/19-how-stars-die/9/