Distances and light years, sentence 6
Light from the Moon takes about 1.3 seconds to reach us, and radio signals travel just as fast, so a call to astronauts on the Moon has a short delay, and sunlight takes about 8 minutes 20 seconds.
Who acts: Light, radio signals, call, sunlight · What happens: take, reach, travel, have · To what, where: us, short delay
This is a sentence of the lesson «Distances and light years» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Light, radio signals, call, sunlight), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 takes | nsubj |
| 2 | from | from | ADP | _ | 4 Moon | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Moon | det |
| 4 | Moon | Moon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Light | nmod |
| 5 | takes | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | about | about | ADV | _ | 7 1.3 | advmod |
| 7 | 1.3 | 1.3 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Frac | 8 seconds | nummod |
| 8 | seconds | second | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 takes | obj |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 reach | mark |
| 10 | reach | reach | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 takes | advcl |
| 11 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 10 reach | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 travel | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 travel | cc |
| 14 | radio | radio | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 signals | compound |
| 15 | signals | signal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 travel | nsubj |
| 16 | travel | travel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 takes | conj |
| 17 | just | just | ADV | _ | 19 fast | advmod |
| 18 | as | as | ADV | _ | 19 fast | advmod |
| 19 | fast | fast | ADV | Degree=Pos | 16 travel | advmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 has | punct |
| 21 | so | so | ADV | _ | 29 has | advmod |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 call | det |
| 23 | call | call | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 has | nsubj |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 25 astronauts | case |
| 25 | astronauts | astronaut | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 call | nmod |
| 26 | on | on | ADP | _ | 28 Moon | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 Moon | det |
| 28 | Moon | Moon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 astronauts | nmod |
| 29 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 takes | conj |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 delay | det |
| 31 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 delay | amod |
| 32 | delay | delay | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 has | obj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 takes | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 takes | cc |
| 35 | sunlight | sunlight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 takes | nsubj |
| 36 | takes | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 has | conj |
| 37 | about | about | ADV | _ | 38 8 | advmod |
| 38 | 8 | 8 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 39 minutes | nummod |
| 39 | minutes | minute | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 takes | obj |
| 40 | 20 | 20 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 41 seconds | nummod |
| 41 | seconds | second | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 takes | obl:unmarked |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 takes | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | present | Light from the Moon | second | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | reach | to-infinitive | Light from the Moon not said here | us | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent we=Theme | ||||
| 3 | travel | present | radio signals | fast property | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | have | present | a call to astronauts on the Moon | a short delay | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent delay=Patient | ||||
| 5 | take | present | sunlight | minute; second | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:space:022-distances-and-light-years.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/22-distances-and-light-years/6/