Inside a car: engine, gears and the dashboard, sentence 0

A petrol or diesel car is moved by many tiny explosions: fuel burns inside small cylinders, pushes pistons down, and the pistons turn a shaft that turns the wheels.

Who acts: many tiny explosions, fuel, pistons, shaft · What happens: move, burn, push down, turn · To what, where: petrol, small cylinders, pistons, shaft, wheels

This is a sentence of the lesson «Inside a car: engine, gears and the dashboard» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many tiny explosions, fuel, pistons, shaft), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 car	det
2	petrol	petrol	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 moved	nsubj
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 car	cc
4	diesel	diesel	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 petrol	conj
5	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 petrol	conj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 moved	aux:pass
7	moved	move	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	by	by	ADP	_	11 explosions	case
9	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 explosions	amod
10	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 explosions	amod
11	explosions	explosion	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 moved	obl
12	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 moved	punct
13	fuel	fuel	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 burns	nsubj
14	burns	burn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 moved	parataxis
15	inside	inside	ADP	_	17 cylinders	case
16	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 cylinders	amod
17	cylinders	cylinder	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 burns	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 pushes	punct
19	pushes	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 burns	conj
20	pistons	piston	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 pushes	obj
21	down	down	ADV	_	19 pushes	advmod
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 turn	punct
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 turn	cc
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 pistons	det
25	pistons	piston	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 turn	nsubj
26	turn	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 moved	conj
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	28 shaft	det
28	shaft	shaft	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 turn	obj
29	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	30 turns	nsubj
30	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	28 shaft	acl:relcl
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 wheels	det
32	wheels	wheel	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 turns	obj
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 moved	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	move	present · passive	many tiny explosions	petrol and diesel or a car			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
2	burn	present	fuel		small cylinders		vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme inside cylinder=Location
3	push down	present	fuel not said here	pistons		down property	vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent piston=Theme
4	turn	present	the pistons	a shaft			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent shaft=Theme
5	turn	present	a shaft	the wheels			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent wheel=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:017-inside-a-car.lesson:0.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/17-inside-a-car/0/