Car safety: brakes, seat belts and airbags, sentence 17
Speed cameras measure speed with radar or by timing a car between two points; a person hit at 20 mph is much less likely to be killed than at 30 mph, which is why there are 20 mph zones near schools.
Who acts: Speed cameras, person hit, 30 mph · What happens: measure, time, be, kill · To what, where: speed, car
This is a sentence of the lesson «Car safety: brakes, seat belts and airbags» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Speed cameras, person hit, 30 mph), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Speed | speed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 cameras | compound |
| 2 | cameras | camera | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 measure | nsubj |
| 3 | measure | measure | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | speed | speed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 measure | obj |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 6 radar | case |
| 6 | radar | radar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 measure | obl |
| 7 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 9 timing | cc |
| 8 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 9 timing | mark |
| 9 | timing | time | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 radar | conj |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 car | det |
| 11 | car | car | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 timing | obj |
| 12 | between | between | ADP | _ | 14 points | case |
| 13 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 14 points | nummod |
| 14 | points | point | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 timing | obl |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 3 measure | punct |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 person | det |
| 17 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 hit | compound |
| 18 | hit | hit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 likely | nsubj |
| 19 | at | at | ADP | _ | 21 mph | case |
| 20 | 20 | 20 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 21 mph | nummod |
| 21 | mph | mph | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 hit | obl |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 likely | cop |
| 23 | much | much | ADV | _ | 24 less | advmod |
| 24 | less | less | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 25 likely | advmod |
| 25 | likely | likely | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 measure | parataxis |
| 26 | to | to | PART | _ | 28 killed | mark |
| 27 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 28 killed | aux:pass |
| 28 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 likely | xcomp |
| 29 | than | than | ADP | _ | 32 mph | case |
| 30 | at | at | ADP | _ | 32 mph | case |
| 31 | 30 | 30 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 32 mph | nummod |
| 32 | mph | mph | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 killed | obl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 why | punct |
| 34 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 why | nsubj |
| 35 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 why | cop |
| 36 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 32 mph | nmod |
| 37 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 38 are | expl |
| 38 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 why | advcl:relcl |
| 39 | 20 | 20 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 41 zones | nummod |
| 40 | mph | mph | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 zones | compound |
| 41 | zones | zone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 are | nsubj |
| 42 | near | near | ADP | _ | 43 schools | case |
| 43 | schools | school | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 zones | nmod |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 measure | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | measure | present | Speed cameras | speed | with radar | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme speed=Value | |||
| 2 | time | gerund | Speed cameras not said here | a car | between two points | vn register-54.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent car=Theme | |||
| 3 | is | present | person hit | less, likely property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | kill | to-infinitive · passive | person hit not said here | than 30 mph | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» | ||||
| 5 | is | present | 30 mph | why property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:018-car-safety.lesson:17.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/18-car-safety/17/