Why planes fly, sentence 2

Fly a kite on a windy day: its face is tilted into the wind, so it turns the rushing air downwards, and the air pushes the kite up into the sky.

Who acts: you, face, air · What happens: fly, tilt, turn, rush, push up · To what, where: kite, face, wind, rushing air, sky

This is a sentence of the lesson «Why planes fly» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, face, air), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fly	fly	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 kite	det
3	kite	kite	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Fly	obj
4	on	on	ADP	_	7 day	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 day	det
6	windy	windy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 day	amod
7	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Fly	obl
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	12 tilted	punct
9	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 face	nmod:poss
10	face	face	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 tilted	nsubj:pass
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 tilted	aux:pass
12	tilted	tilt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Fly	parataxis
13	into	into	ADP	_	15 wind	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 wind	det
15	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 tilted	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 turns	punct
17	so	so	ADV	_	19 turns	advmod
18	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 turns	nsubj
19	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Fly	parataxis
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 air	det
21	rushing	rush	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	22 air	amod
22	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 turns	obj
23	downwards	downwards	ADV	_	19 turns	advmod
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 pushes	punct
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 pushes	cc
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 air	det
27	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 pushes	nsubj
28	pushes	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 turns	conj
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 kite	det
30	kite	kite	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 pushes	obj
31	up	up	ADV	_	28 pushes	advmod
32	into	into	ADP	_	34 sky	case
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 sky	det
34	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 pushes	obl
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Fly	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	imperative	you not said here	a kite		day		vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location kite=Theme
2	tilt	present · passive		kite's face	the wind			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme
3	turn	present	face	the rushing air			downwards property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V ADJ.result»: agent=Theme air=Result
4	rush	gerund						vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	push up	present	the air	the kite	the sky			vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent kite=Theme into sky=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:022-why-planes-fly.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/22-why-planes-fly/2/