Airports, the black box, helicopters and drones, sentence 17

A hot-air balloon rises because a burner heats the air inside it and hot air is lighter than the cold air outside; the first people flew in one in Paris in 1783.

Who acts: air balloon, burner, hot air, first people · What happens: rise, heat, be, fly · To what, where: air, balloon, Paris

This is a sentence of the lesson «Airports, the black box, helicopters and drones» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (air balloon, burner, hot air, first people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 balloon	det
2	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 air	amod
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 hot	punct
4	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 balloon	compound
5	balloon	balloon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rises	nsubj
6	rises	rise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	because	because	SCONJ	_	10 heats	mark
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 burner	det
9	burner	burner	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 heats	nsubj
10	heats	heat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 rises	advcl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 air	det
12	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 heats	obj
13	inside	inside	ADP	_	14 it	case
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 air	nmod
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 lighter	cc
16	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 air	amod
17	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 lighter	nsubj
18	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 lighter	cop
19	lighter	light	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	10 heats	conj
20	than	than	ADP	_	23 air	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 air	det
22	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 air	amod
23	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 lighter	obl
24	outside	outside	ADV	_	23 air	advmod
25	;	;	PUNCT	_	29 flew	punct
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 people	det
27	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	28 people	amod
28	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 flew	nsubj
29	flew	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 rises	parataxis
30	in	in	ADP	_	31 one	case
31	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	29 flew	obl
32	in	in	ADP	_	33 Paris	case
33	Paris	Paris	PROPN	Number=Sing	29 flew	obl
34	in	in	ADP	_	35 1783	case
35	1783	1783	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	29 flew	obl
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 rises	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	rise	present	a air balloon				vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	heat	present	a burner	the air	balloon		vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent air=Patient
3	is	present	hot air			than the cold air; light property	tree rules
4	fly	past	the first people		Paris	in one; in 1783	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent in one=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:023-airports-black-box-helicopters-drones.lesson:17.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×5, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/23-airports-black-box-helicopters-drones/17/