Ships, ports and submarines, sentence 20
Sonar sends sound pulses down and listens for echoes from the seabed or fish; dolphins and bats use echoes in a similar way.
Who acts: Sonar, dolphins · What happens: send down, listen, use · To what, where: sound pulses, echoes, similar way
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ships, ports and submarines» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sonar, dolphins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sonar | sonar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 sends | nsubj |
| 2 | sends | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 pulses | compound |
| 4 | pulses | pulse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 sends | obj |
| 5 | down | down | ADV | _ | 2 sends | advmod |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 listens | cc |
| 7 | listens | listen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 sends | conj |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 9 echoes | case |
| 9 | echoes | echo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 listens | obl |
| 10 | from | from | ADP | _ | 12 seabed | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 seabed | det |
| 12 | seabed | seabed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 echoes | nmod |
| 13 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 14 fish | cc |
| 14 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 seabed | conj |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 use | punct |
| 16 | dolphins | dolphin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 use | nsubj |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 bats | cc |
| 18 | bats | bat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 dolphins | conj |
| 19 | use | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 sends | parataxis |
| 20 | echoes | echo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 use | obj |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 way | case |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 way | det |
| 23 | similar | similar | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 way | amod |
| 24 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 use | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 sends | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | send down | present | Sonar | sound pulses | down property | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pulse=Theme | |||
| 2 | listen | present | Sonar not said here | for echoes from the seabed or fish | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for echo=Theme | ||||
| 3 | use | present | dolphins and bats | echoes | a similar way | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent echo=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:024-ships-ports-and-submarines.lesson:20.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/24-ships-ports-and-submarines/20/