Tunnels and what lies under the street, sentence 7
A tunnel-boring machine grinds through rock or soil with a giant rotating cutting wheel and lines the tunnel with concrete rings behind it; lasers and measurements guide it the right way.
Who acts: tunnel boring machine, lasers · What happens: grind, rotate, line, guide · To what, where: rock, tunnel, wheel
This is a sentence of the lesson «Tunnels and what lies under the street» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tunnel boring machine, lasers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 machine | det |
| 2 | tunnel | tunnel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 machine | compound |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 tunnel | punct |
| 4 | boring | boring | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 machine | amod |
| 5 | machine | machine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 grinds | nsubj |
| 6 | grinds | grind | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 guide | parataxis |
| 7 | through | through | ADP | _ | 8 rock | case |
| 8 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 grinds | obl |
| 9 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 10 soil | cc |
| 10 | soil | soil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 rock | conj |
| 11 | with | with | ADP | _ | 16 wheel | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 wheel | det |
| 13 | giant | giant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 wheel | amod |
| 14 | rotating | rotate | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 16 wheel | amod |
| 15 | cutting | cutting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 wheel | compound |
| 16 | wheel | wheel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 grinds | obl |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 lines | cc |
| 18 | lines | line | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 grinds | conj |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 tunnel | det |
| 20 | tunnel | tunnel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 lines | obj |
| 21 | with | with | ADP | _ | 23 rings | case |
| 22 | concrete | concrete | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 rings | compound |
| 23 | rings | ring | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 lines | obl |
| 24 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 25 it | case |
| 25 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 rings | nmod |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 lasers | punct |
| 27 | lasers | laser | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 guide | nsubj |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 measurements | cc |
| 29 | measurements | measurement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 lasers | conj |
| 30 | guide | guide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 31 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 guide | obj |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 way | det |
| 33 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 way | amod |
| 34 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 guide | obl:unmarked |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 grinds | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grind | present | a tunnel boring machine | rock or soil | with a giant rotating cutting wheel | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with wheel=Instrument | |||
| 2 | rotate | gerund | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | line | present | a tunnel boring machine not said here | the tunnel | with concrete rings behind wheel | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent tunnel=Destination with ring=Theme | |||
| 4 | guide | present | lasers and measurements | wheel | the right way obl:unmarked | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:029-tunnels-and-under-the-street.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/29-tunnels-and-under-the-street/7/