Bridges and skyscrapers, sentence 13

Lifting and swing bridges use motors and counterweights to lift or turn so tall ships can pass; Tower Bridge in London has opened for ships since 1894.

Who acts: Lifting bridges, tall ships, Tower Bridge · What happens: lift, use, turn, pass, open · To what, where: motors

This is a sentence of the lesson «Bridges and skyscrapers» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lifting bridges, tall ships, Tower Bridge), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lifting	lift	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 bridges	amod
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 swing	cc
3	swing	swing	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Lifting	conj
4	bridges	bridge	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 use	nsubj
5	use	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	motors	motor	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 use	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 counterweights	cc
8	counterweights	counterweight	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 motors	conj
9	to	to	PART	_	10 lift	mark
10	lift	lift	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 use	advcl
11	or	or	CCONJ	_	12 turn	cc
12	turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 lift	conj
13	so	so	ADV	_	17 pass	advmod
14	tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 ships	amod
15	ships	ship	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 pass	nsubj
16	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	17 pass	aux
17	pass	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 lift	advcl
18	;	;	PUNCT	_	24 opened	punct
19	Tower	Tower	PROPN	Number=Sing	20 Bridge	compound
20	Bridge	bridge	PROPN	Number=Sing	24 opened	nsubj
21	in	in	ADP	_	22 London	case
22	London	London	PROPN	Number=Sing	20 Bridge	nmod
23	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 opened	aux
24	opened	open	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 use	parataxis
25	for	for	ADP	_	26 ships	case
26	ships	ship	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 opened	obl
27	since	since	ADP	_	28 1894	case
28	1894	1894	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	24 opened	obl
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 use	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	lift	gerund					vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	use	present	Lifting bridges	motors and counterweights			vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent motor=Patient
3	lift	to-infinitive	Lifting bridges not said here				vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	turn	infinitive	Lifting bridges not said here				vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
5	pass	can	tall ships				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
6	open	present · perfect	Tower Bridge in London		since 1894	for ships	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:030-bridges-and-skyscrapers.lesson:13.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/30-bridges-and-skyscrapers/13/