Roads and road signs, sentence 17

A gritter lorry spreads salt before a frost, because salty water freezes at a lower temperature than plain water, so ice forms less easily.

Who acts: gritter lorry, salty water, ice · What happens: spread, freeze, form · To what, where: salt, frost, lower temperature

This is a sentence of the lesson «Roads and road signs» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gritter lorry, salty water, ice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 lorry	det
2	gritter	gritter	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lorry	compound
3	lorry	lorry	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 spreads	nsubj
4	spreads	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 spreads	obj
6	before	before	ADP	_	8 frost	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 frost	det
8	frost	frost	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 spreads	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 freezes	punct
10	because	because	SCONJ	_	13 freezes	mark
11	salty	salty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 water	amod
12	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 freezes	nsubj
13	freezes	freeze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 spreads	advcl
14	at	at	ADP	_	17 temperature	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 temperature	det
16	lower	low	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	17 temperature	amod
17	temperature	temperature	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 freezes	obl
18	than	than	ADP	_	20 water	case
19	plain	plain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 water	amod
20	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 temperature	nmod
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 forms	punct
22	so	so	ADV	_	24 forms	advmod
23	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 forms	nsubj
24	forms	form	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 spreads	advcl
25	less	less	ADV	Degree=Cmp	26 easily	advmod
26	easily	easily	ADV	_	24 forms	advmod
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 spreads	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	spread	present	a gritter lorry	salt	a frost		vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent salt=Theme before frost=Destination
2	freeze	present	salty water		a lower temperature than plain water		vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	form	present	ice			easily property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:031-roads-and-road-signs.lesson:17.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/31-roads-and-road-signs/17/