Wind, sun and other clean energy, sentence 10

In a solar panel, light hits special silicon cells and knocks tiny electrons free, which flow as electricity; panels still work on cloudy days and in winter, just less.

Who acts: light, tiny electrons, panels · What happens: hit, knock, flow, work · To what, where: special silicon cells, solar panel, tiny electrons

This is a sentence of the lesson «Wind, sun and other clean energy» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (light, tiny electrons, panels), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	4 panel	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 panel	det
3	solar	solar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 panel	amod
4	panel	panel	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 hits	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 hits	punct
6	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 hits	nsubj
7	hits	hit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	special	special	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 cells	amod
9	silicon	silicon	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 cells	compound
10	cells	cell	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 hits	obj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 knocks	cc
12	knocks	knock	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 hits	conj
13	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 electrons	amod
14	electrons	electron	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 knocks	obj
15	free	free	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 electrons	amod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 flow	punct
17	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	18 flow	nsubj
18	flow	flow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 electrons	acl:relcl
19	as	as	ADP	_	20 electricity	case
20	electricity	electricity	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 flow	obl
21	;	;	PUNCT	_	22 panels	punct
22	panels	panel	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 work	nsubj
23	still	still	ADV	_	24 work	advmod
24	work	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 hits	parataxis
25	on	on	ADP	_	27 days	case
26	cloudy	cloudy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 days	amod
27	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 work	obl
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	33 less	cc
29	in	in	ADP	_	30 winter	case
30	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 less	obl
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 winter	punct
32	just	just	ADV	_	33 less	advmod
33	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	24 work	conj
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 hits	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hit	present	light	special silicon cells	a solar panel			vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent cell=Theme in panel=Destination
2	knock	present	light not said here	tiny electrons				vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent electron=Patient
3	flow	present	tiny electrons				as electricity	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	work	present	panels			still; day		vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:033-wind-sun-and-other-clean-energy.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/33-wind-sun-and-other-clean-energy/10/