The internet and undersea cables, sentence 14
When you stream a film it is sent in small pieces as you watch, with a little stored ahead, and the quality changes with the speed of your connection; when the stored part runs out, it buffers.
Who acts: you, quality, stored part, part · What happens: stream, send, watch, store, change, run out · To what, where: film, small pieces, little
This is a sentence of the lesson «The internet and undersea cables» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, quality, stored part, part), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 stream | advmod |
| 2 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 3 stream | nsubj |
| 3 | stream | stream | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 sent | advcl |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 film | det |
| 5 | film | film | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 stream | obj |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 sent | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 sent | aux:pass |
| 8 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 41 buffers | conj |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 pieces | case |
| 10 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 pieces | amod |
| 11 | pieces | piece | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 sent | obl |
| 12 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 14 watch | mark |
| 13 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 14 watch | nsubj |
| 14 | watch | watch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 sent | advcl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 stored | punct |
| 16 | with | with | SCONJ | _ | 19 stored | mark |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 little | det |
| 18 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 stored | obl:unmarked |
| 19 | stored | store | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 watch | conj |
| 20 | ahead | ahead | ADV | _ | 19 stored | advmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 changes | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 changes | cc |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 quality | det |
| 24 | quality | quality | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 changes | nsubj |
| 25 | changes | change | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 sent | conj |
| 26 | with | with | ADP | _ | 28 speed | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 speed | det |
| 28 | speed | speed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 changes | obl |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 connection | case |
| 30 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 connection | nmod:poss |
| 31 | connection | connection | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 speed | nmod |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 37 runs | punct |
| 33 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 37 runs | advmod |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 part | det |
| 35 | stored | store | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 36 part | amod |
| 36 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 runs | nsubj |
| 37 | runs | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 41 buffers | advcl |
| 38 | out | out | ADP | _ | 37 runs | compound:prt |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 buffers | punct |
| 40 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 buffers | nsubj |
| 41 | buffers | buffer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 sent | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stream | present | you | a film | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location film=Theme | ||||
| 2 | send | present · passive | film | small pieces | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in piece=Destination | ||||
| 3 | watch | present | you | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | store | participle | you not said here | a little | ahead property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||
| 5 | change | present | the quality | with the speed of your connection | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | store | participle | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 7 | run out | present | the stored part | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 8 | buffer | present | part | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:037-the-internet-and-undersea-cables.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/37-the-internet-and-undersea-cables/14/