Rivers, canals and boats: locks, weirs, water-mills, barges and how not to tip a rowing boat, sentence 13
From the 1840s railways took most of the canals' trade, and today about 2,000 miles of canals and rivers in England and Wales are used mostly for holidays, walking and fishing, with a speed limit of 4 miles an hour on canals.
Who acts: railways, canals · What happens: take, use, trade · To what, where: most, 1840s, 2,000 miles
This is a sentence of the lesson «Rivers, canals and boats: locks, weirs, water-mills, barges and how not to tip a rowing boat» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (railways, canals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | From | from | ADP | _ | 3 1840s | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 1840s | det |
| 3 | 1840s | 1840 | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 5 took | obl |
| 4 | railways | railway | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 took | nsubj |
| 5 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 5 took | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 trade | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 canals | det |
| 9 | canals | canal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 trade | nmod:poss |
| 10 | ' | 's | PART | _ | 9 canals | case |
| 11 | trade | trade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 most | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 used | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 used | cc |
| 14 | today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 used | obl |
| 15 | about | about | ADV | _ | 16 2,000 | advmod |
| 16 | 2,000 | 2000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 17 miles | nummod |
| 17 | miles | mile | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 used | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 canals | case |
| 19 | canals | canal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 miles | nmod |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 rivers | cc |
| 21 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 canals | conj |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 England | case |
| 23 | England | England | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 canals | nmod |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 Wales | cc |
| 25 | Wales | Wales | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 England | conj |
| 26 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 used | aux:pass |
| 27 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 took | conj |
| 28 | mostly | mostly | ADV | _ | 30 holidays | advmod |
| 29 | for | for | ADP | _ | 30 holidays | case |
| 30 | holidays | holiday | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 used | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 walking | punct |
| 32 | walking | walk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 holidays | conj |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 fishing | cc |
| 34 | fishing | fishing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 holidays | conj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 limit | punct |
| 36 | with | with | ADP | _ | 39 limit | case |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 limit | det |
| 38 | speed | speed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 limit | compound |
| 39 | limit | limit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 used | obl |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 miles | case |
| 41 | 4 | 4 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 42 miles | nummod |
| 42 | miles | mile | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 limit | nmod |
| 43 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 44 hour | det |
| 44 | hour | hour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 miles | nmod:unmarked |
| 45 | on | on | ADP | _ | 46 canals | case |
| 46 | canals | canal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 limit | nmod |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 took | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | railways | most of the canals's trade | the 1840s | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent most=Theme from 1840=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | use | present · passive | 2,000 miles of canals in England and Wales and rivers | today | for holidays and walking and fishing; with a speed limit of 4 miles a hour on canals | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: subject=Theme for holiday=Eventuality | |||
| 3 | trade | the canals | nom trade «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:041-rivers-canals-and-boats-locks-weirs-water-mills-barges-and-how-not-to-tip-a-rowing-boat.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/41-rivers-canals-and-boats-locks-weirs-water-mills-barges-and-how-not-to-tip-a-rowing-boat/13/