Rivers, canals and boats: locks, weirs, water-mills, barges and how not to tip a rowing boat, sentence 8
A horse that could pull about 2 tonnes in a cart on a road could pull a canal boat carrying about 30 tonnes, because water holds the boat up and there are no bumps.
Who acts: horse, water, bumps · What happens: pull about, pull, carry, hold up, be · To what, where: 2 tonnes, cart, canal boat, 30 tonnes, boat
This is a sentence of the lesson «Rivers, canals and boats: locks, weirs, water-mills, barges and how not to tip a rowing boat» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (horse, water, bumps), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 horse | det |
| 2 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 pull | nsubj |
| 3 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 pull | nsubj |
| 4 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 pull | aux |
| 5 | pull | pull | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 horse | acl:relcl |
| 6 | about | about | ADV | _ | 7 2 | advmod |
| 7 | 2 | 2 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 8 tonnes | nummod |
| 8 | tonnes | tonne | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 pull | obj |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 cart | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 cart | det |
| 11 | cart | cart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 pull | obl |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 road | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 road | det |
| 14 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 pull | obl |
| 15 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 pull | aux |
| 16 | pull | pull | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 boat | det |
| 18 | canal | canal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 boat | compound |
| 19 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 pull | obj |
| 20 | carrying | carry | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 pull | advcl |
| 21 | about | about | ADV | _ | 22 30 | advmod |
| 22 | 30 | 30 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 23 tonnes | nummod |
| 23 | tonnes | tonne | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 carrying | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 holds | punct |
| 25 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 27 holds | mark |
| 26 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 holds | nsubj |
| 27 | holds | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 pull | advcl |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 boat | det |
| 29 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 holds | obj |
| 30 | up | up | ADP | _ | 27 holds | compound:prt |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 are | cc |
| 32 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 33 are | expl |
| 33 | are | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 holds | conj |
| 34 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 35 bumps | det |
| 35 | bumps | bump | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 are | nsubj |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 pull | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pull about | could | a horse | 2 tonnes | a cart | on a road | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tonne=Theme | ||
| 2 | pull | could | a horse | a canal boat | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boat=Theme | ||||
| 3 | carry | gerund | a horse not said here | 30 tonnes | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tonne=Theme | ||||
| 4 | hold up | present | water | the boat | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot boat=Theme | ||||
| 5 | does | present | no bumps | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:041-rivers-canals-and-boats-locks-weirs-water-mills-barges-and-how-not-to-tip-a-rowing-boat.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/41-rivers-canals-and-boats-locks-weirs-water-mills-barges-and-how-not-to-tip-a-rowing-boat/8/