Olympiad: machines at home and in the factory ★★★, sentence 6
On a bike, the back wheel turns as many times for each turn of the pedals as the back cog's teeth fit into the chain wheel's teeth: a 40-tooth chain wheel with a 20-tooth back cog turns the back wheel twice for every pedal turn.
Who acts: back wheel, teeth, chain wheel · What happens: turn, fit · To what, where: bike, teeth, back wheel
This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: machines at home and in the factory ★★★» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (back wheel, teeth, chain wheel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 3 bike | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 bike | det |
| 3 | bike | bike | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 turns | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 bike | punct |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 wheel | det |
| 6 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 wheel | compound |
| 7 | wheel | wheel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 turns | nsubj |
| 8 | turns | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | as | as | ADV | _ | 10 many | advmod |
| 10 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 times | amod |
| 11 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 turns | obl |
| 12 | for | for | ADP | _ | 14 turn | case |
| 13 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 14 turn | det |
| 14 | turn | turn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 turns | obl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 pedals | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 pedals | det |
| 17 | pedals | pedal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 turn | nmod |
| 18 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 24 fit | mark |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 cog | det |
| 20 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 cog | compound |
| 21 | cog | cog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 teeth | nmod:poss |
| 22 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 21 cog | case |
| 23 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 fit | nsubj |
| 24 | fit | fit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 turns | advcl |
| 25 | into | into | ADP | _ | 30 teeth | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 wheel | det |
| 27 | chain | chain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 wheel | compound |
| 28 | wheel | wheel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 teeth | nmod:poss |
| 29 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 28 wheel | case |
| 30 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 fit | obl |
| 31 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 37 wheel | punct |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 wheel | det |
| 33 | 40 | 40 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 35 tooth | nummod |
| 34 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 33 40 | punct |
| 35 | tooth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 chain | compound |
| 36 | chain | chain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 wheel | compound |
| 37 | wheel | wheel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 turns | nsubj |
| 38 | with | with | ADP | _ | 44 cog | case |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 44 cog | det |
| 40 | 20 | 20 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 42 tooth | nummod |
| 41 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 40 20 | punct |
| 42 | tooth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 cog | compound |
| 43 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 cog | compound |
| 44 | cog | cog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 wheel | nmod |
| 45 | turns | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 turns | parataxis |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 wheel | det |
| 47 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 wheel | compound |
| 48 | wheel | wheel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 turns | obj |
| 49 | twice | twice | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 45 turns | advmod |
| 50 | for | for | ADP | _ | 53 turn | case |
| 51 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 53 turn | det |
| 52 | pedal | pedal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 turn | compound |
| 53 | turn | turn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 turns | obl |
| 54 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 turns | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | turn | present | the back wheel | a bike | time | for each turn of the pedals | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme on bike=Trajectory | ||
| 2 | fit | present | the back cog's teeth | the chain wheel's teeth | vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent into tooth=Destination | ||||
| 3 | turn | present | a chain wheel with a tooth back cog | the back wheel | for every pedal turn; twice property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent wheel=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:042-olympiad-machines-at-home-and-in-the-factory.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/42-olympiad-machines-at-home-and-in-the-factory/6/