Toys and Lego, sentence 17
Balloons are made by dipping balloon-shaped formers (solid shapes to coat) in liquid latex, the sap of rubber trees; they shrink over a few days because the gas slowly escapes through the rubber.
Who acts: Balloons, gas · What happens: make, dip, shape, shrink, escape · To what, where: Balloons, shaped formers, liquid latex, rubber
This is a sentence of the lesson «Toys and Lego» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Balloons, gas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Balloons | balloon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 made | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 made | aux:pass |
| 3 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 5 dipping | mark |
| 5 | dipping | dip | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 made | advcl |
| 6 | balloon | balloon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 shaped | compound |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 shaped | punct |
| 8 | shaped | shape | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 formers | amod |
| 9 | formers | former | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 dipping | obj |
| 10 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 12 shapes | punct |
| 11 | solid | solid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 shapes | amod |
| 12 | shapes | shape | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 formers | appos |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 coat | case |
| 14 | coat | coat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 shapes | nmod |
| 15 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 12 shapes | punct |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 latex | case |
| 17 | liquid | liquid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 latex | amod |
| 18 | latex | latex | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 dipping | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 sap | punct |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 sap | det |
| 21 | sap | sap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 latex | appos |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 trees | case |
| 23 | rubber | rubber | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 trees | compound |
| 24 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 sap | nmod |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 shrink | punct |
| 26 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 shrink | nsubj |
| 27 | shrink | shrink | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 made | parataxis |
| 28 | over | over | ADP | _ | 31 days | case |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 days | det |
| 30 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 days | amod |
| 31 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 shrink | obl |
| 32 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 36 escapes | mark |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 gas | det |
| 34 | gas | gas | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 escapes | nsubj |
| 35 | slowly | slowly | ADV | _ | 36 escapes | advmod |
| 36 | escapes | escape | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 shrink | advcl |
| 37 | through | through | ADP | _ | 39 rubber | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 rubber | det |
| 39 | rubber | rubber | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 escapes | obl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 made | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present · passive | Balloons | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | |||||
| 2 | dip | gerund | shaped formers | liquid latex | vn funnel-9.3 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent former=Theme in latex=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | shape | participle | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||||
| 4 | shrink | present | Balloons = balloon | day | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 5 | escape | present | the gas | the rubber | slowly property | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme through rubber=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:007-toys-and-lego.lesson:17.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×4, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/7-toys-and-lego/17/