How a car is built, sentence 3
Every new car is started, driven a little and sprayed with water to check for leaks, and some cars are crashed on purpose with dummies full of sensors so engineers can make cars safer.
Who acts: engineers · What happens: start, drive, spray, check, crash, make · To what, where: new car, little, cars, purpose
This is a sentence of the lesson «How a car is built» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (engineers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 car | det |
| 2 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 car | amod |
| 3 | car | car | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 started | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 started | aux:pass |
| 5 | started | start | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 driven | punct |
| 7 | driven | drive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 started | conj |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 little | det |
| 9 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 driven | obl |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 sprayed | cc |
| 11 | sprayed | spray | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 driven | conj |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 13 water | case |
| 13 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sprayed | obl |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 check | mark |
| 15 | check | check | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 sprayed | advcl |
| 16 | for | for | ADP | _ | 17 leaks | case |
| 17 | leaks | leak | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 check | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 crashed | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 crashed | cc |
| 20 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 21 cars | det |
| 21 | cars | car | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 crashed | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 crashed | aux:pass |
| 23 | crashed | crash | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 started | conj |
| 24 | on | on | ADP | _ | 25 purpose | case |
| 25 | purpose | purpose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 crashed | obl |
| 26 | with | with | ADP | _ | 27 dummies | case |
| 27 | dummies | dummy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 crashed | obl |
| 28 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 dummies | amod |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 sensors | case |
| 30 | sensors | sensor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 full | obl |
| 31 | so | so | SCONJ | _ | 34 make | mark |
| 32 | engineers | engineer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 make | nsubj |
| 33 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 make | aux |
| 34 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 crashed | advcl |
| 35 | cars | car | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 make | obj |
| 36 | safer | safe | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 34 make | xcomp |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 started | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | start | present · passive | every new car | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | drive | participle | a little | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | spray | participle | with water | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with water=Theme | |||||
| 4 | check | to-infinitive | for leaks | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent for leak=Attribute | |||||
| 5 | crash | present · passive | some cars | purpose | with dummies | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with dummy=Instrument | |||
| 6 | make | can | engineers | cars | safe property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset car=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:008-how-a-car-is-built.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/8-how-a-car-is-built/3/