Quarter past, quarter to, and how people really say the time, sentence 21

7:45 can be said "seven forty-five" or "quarter to eight"; "three quarters past seven" is also true, because 3 × 15 = 45, but almost nobody says it.

What happens: say, be · To what, where: 7:45, back · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Quarter past, quarter to, and how people really say the time» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	7:45	7:45	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	4 said	nsubj:pass
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 said	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 said	aux:pass
4	said	say	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 five	punct
6	seven	seven	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 five	nummod
7	forty	forty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 five	compound
8	-	-	PUNCT	_	9 five	punct
9	five	five	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	1 7:45	appos
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 five	punct
11	or	or	CCONJ	_	13 quarter	cc
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 quarter	punct
13	quarter	quarter	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 five	conj
14	to	to	ADP	_	15 eight	case
15	eight	eight	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	13 quarter	nmod
16	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 quarter	punct
17	;	;	PUNCT	_	20 quarters	punct
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	19 three	punct
19	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	20 quarters	nummod
20	quarters	quarter	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 forty	conj
21	past	past	ADP	_	22 seven	case
22	seven	seven	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	20 quarters	nmod
23	"	"	PUNCT	_	26 true	punct
24	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 true	cop
25	also	also	ADV	_	26 true	advmod
26	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 seven	parataxis
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 says	punct
28	because	because	SCONJ	_	38 says	mark
29	3	3	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	30 ×	nummod
30	×	×	SYM	Number=Sing	38 says	nsubj:outer
31	15	15	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	30 ×	flat
32	=	=	SYM	_	33 45	case
33	45	45	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	30 ×	nmod
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 says	punct
35	but	but	CCONJ	_	38 says	cc
36	almost	almost	ADV	_	37 nobody	advmod
37	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	38 says	nsubj
38	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 true	parataxis
39	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	38 says	obj
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 said	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	can · passive	7:45		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic
2	is	present		true property	tree rules
3	say speech: assert	present	back		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent it=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:102-quarter-past-quarter-to-saying-the-time.lesson:21.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/102-quarter-past-quarter-to-saying-the-time/21/