Alarms, stopwatches and how long a second is, sentence 0

A second is about as long as it takes to say "one Mississippi" or "one elephant" at a calm speed. 60 seconds make a minute and 60 minutes make an hour, so a minute is sixty of those little "Mississippis".

Who acts: second, it, 60 seconds, 60 minutes, minute · What happens: be, take, say, make · To what, where: one Mississippi, calm speed, sixty · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Alarms, stopwatches and how long a second is» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (second, it, 60 seconds, 60 minutes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 second	det
2	second	second	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 long	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 long	cop
4	about	about	ADV	_	6 long	advmod
5	as	as	ADV	_	6 long	advmod
6	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	as	as	SCONJ	_	9 takes	mark
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 takes	nsubj
9	takes	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 long	advcl
10	to	to	PART	_	11 say	mark
11	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 takes	xcomp
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 Mississippi	punct
13	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	14 Mississippi	nummod
14	Mississippi	Mississippi	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 say	obj
15	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 Mississippi	punct
16	or	or	CCONJ	_	19 elephant	cc
17	"	"	PUNCT	_	19 elephant	punct
18	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	19 elephant	nummod
19	elephant	elephant	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 Mississippi	conj
20	"	"	PUNCT	_	19 elephant	punct
21	at	at	ADP	_	24 speed	case
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 speed	det
23	calm	calm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 speed	amod
24	speed	speed	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 say	obl
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 long	punct
26	60	60	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	27 seconds	nummod
27	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 make	nsubj
28	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 long	parataxis
29	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	30 minute	det
30	minute	minute	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 make	obj
31	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 make	cc
32	60	60	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	33 minutes	nummod
33	minutes	minute	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 make	nsubj
34	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	28 make	conj
35	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	36 hour	det
36	hour	hour	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 make	obj
37	,	,	PUNCT	_	42 sixty	punct
38	so	so	ADV	_	42 sixty	advmod
39	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	40 minute	det
40	minute	minute	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 sixty	nsubj
41	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	42 sixty	cop
42	sixty	sixty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	28 make	parataxis
43	of	of	ADP	_	47 Mississippis	case
44	those	that	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	47 Mississippis	det
45	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	47 Mississippis	amod
46	"	"	PUNCT	_	47 Mississippis	punct
47	Mississippis	Mississippis	PROPN	Number=Sing	42 sixty	nmod
48	"	"	PUNCT	_	47 Mississippis	punct
49	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 long	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	a second				about, long property	tree rules
2	take	present	it					vn require-103 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Precondition
3	say speech: assert	to-infinitive		one Mississippi or one elephant	a calm speed			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent mississippi=Topic
4	make	present	60 seconds			minute		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
5	make	infinitive	60 minutes			hour		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
6	is a	present	a minute	sixty			of that little Mississippis	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:105-alarms-stopwatches-how-long-a-second-is.lesson:0.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/105-alarms-stopwatches-how-long-a-second-is/0/