Why time flies and why it drags, sentence 9
Scientists study this by asking people to guess how long things took.
Who acts: Scientists, things · What happens: study, ask, guess, take · To what, where: this, people · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Why time flies and why it drags» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Scientists, things), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Scientists | scientist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 study | nsubj |
| 2 | study | study | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 study | obj |
| 4 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 5 asking | mark |
| 5 | asking | ask | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 study | advcl |
| 6 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 asking | obj |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 guess | mark |
| 8 | guess | guess | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 asking | xcomp |
| 9 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 10 long | advmod |
| 10 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 12 took | advmod |
| 11 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 took | nsubj |
| 12 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 guess | ccomp |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 study | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | study | present | Scientists | this | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Topic | ||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | gerund | Scientists not said here | people | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S_INF»: agent=Agent people=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | guess not said to happen | to-infinitive | Scientists not said here | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 4 | take | past | things | long property | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:110-why-time-flies-and-why-it-drags.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/110-why-time-flies-and-why-it-drags/9/