Days, weeks and months, sentence 9

There are several reasons and nobody is completely sure: the ancient Babylonians used it, the Bible tells of 7 days, people could see 7 objects moving in the sky (the Sun, the Moon and five planets), and the Moon changes from new to half to full in roughly 7-day steps.

Who acts: several reasons, nobody, ancient Babylonians, Bible, people, 7 objects · What happens: be, use, tell, see, move, change · To what, where: side, 7 objects, sky, new half · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Days, weeks and months» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (several reasons, nobody, ancient Babylonians, Bible), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 are	expl
2	are	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	several	several	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reasons	amod
4	reasons	reason	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 are	nsubj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 sure	cc
6	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	9 sure	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 sure	cop
8	completely	completely	ADV	_	9 sure	advmod
9	sure	sure	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 are	conj
10	:	:	PUNCT	_	14 used	punct
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 Babylonians	det
12	ancient	ancient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 Babylonians	amod
13	Babylonians	babylonian	PROPN	Number=Plur	14 used	nsubj
14	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 sure	parataxis
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 used	obj
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 tells	punct
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 Bible	det
18	Bible	Bible	PROPN	Number=Sing	19 tells	nsubj
19	tells	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 used	conj
20	of	of	ADP	_	22 days	case
21	7	7	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	22 days	nummod
22	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 tells	obl
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 see	punct
24	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 see	nsubj
25	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	26 see	aux
26	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 tells	parataxis
27	7	7	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	28 objects	nummod
28	objects	object	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 see	obj
29	moving	move	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	28 objects	acl
30	in	in	ADP	_	32 sky	case
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 sky	det
32	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 moving	obl
33	(	(	PUNCT	_	35 Sun	punct
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 Sun	det
35	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	32 sky	appos
36	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 Moon	punct
37	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	38 Moon	det
38	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	35 Sun	conj
39	and	and	CCONJ	_	41 planets	cc
40	five	five	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	41 planets	nummod
41	planets	planet	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 objects	conj
42	)	)	PUNCT	_	41 planets	punct
43	,	,	PUNCT	_	47 changes	punct
44	and	and	CCONJ	_	47 changes	cc
45	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	46 Moon	det
46	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	47 changes	nsubj
47	changes	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 see	conj
48	from	from	ADP	_	51 half	case
49	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	51 half	amod
50	to	to	ADP	_	51 half	case
51	half	half	NOUN	Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	47 changes	obl
52	to	to	ADP	_	53 full	case
53	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	51 half	nmod
54	in	in	ADP	_	59 steps	case
55	roughly	roughly	ADV	_	59 steps	advmod
56	7	7	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	58 day	nummod
57	-	-	PUNCT	_	56 7	punct
58	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	59 steps	compound
59	steps	step	NOUN	Number=Plur	47 changes	obl
60	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 are	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	does	present	several reasons		there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present	nobody				completely, sure property	tree rules
3	use	past	the ancient Babylonians	side				vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient
4	tell speech: assert	present	the Bible			day		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	see	could	people	7 objects and five planets				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer object=Stimulus
6	move	gerund	7 objects and five planets not said here		the sky			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme in sky=Trajectory
7	change	present	the Moon		new half to full		in day steps	vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V PP.material PP.result»: agent=Agent from half=Initial_State

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:111-days-weeks-and-months.lesson:9.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×4, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/111-days-weeks-and-months/9/