Other calendars: Chinese New Year, Islamic and Jewish calendars, and Christmas in Ukraine, sentence 14
Ramadan, when many Muslims fast from dawn to sunset, starts about 11 days earlier each year on our calendar.
Who acts: many Muslims, Ramadan · What happens: fast, start · To what, where: calendar
This is a sentence of the lesson «Other calendars: Chinese New Year, Islamic and Jewish calendars, and Christmas in Ukraine» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many Muslims, Ramadan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ramadan | Ramadan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 starts | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Ramadan | punct |
| 3 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 6 fast | advmod |
| 4 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 Muslims | amod |
| 5 | Muslims | Muslim | PROPN | Number=Plur | 6 fast | nsubj |
| 6 | fast | fast | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Ramadan | acl:relcl |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 8 dawn | case |
| 8 | dawn | dawn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 fast | obl |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 sunset | case |
| 10 | sunset | sunset | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 dawn | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Ramadan | punct |
| 12 | starts | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | about | about | ADV | _ | 14 11 | advmod |
| 14 | 11 | 11 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 15 days | nummod |
| 15 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 earlier | obl:unmarked |
| 16 | earlier | early | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 12 starts | advmod |
| 17 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 18 year | det |
| 18 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 starts | obl:unmarked |
| 19 | on | on | ADP | _ | 21 calendar | case |
| 20 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 calendar | nmod:poss |
| 21 | calendar | calendar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 starts | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 starts | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fast | present | many Muslims | dawn | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | start | present | Ramadan | our calendar | year | early property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:117-other-calendars.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/117-other-calendars/14/