Day and night, shadows and sundials, sentence 13
A sundial tells the time by the shadow of a stick called a gnomon, which moves round as the Earth turns.
Who acts: sundial, stick, Earth · What happens: tell, call, move, turn, shadow · To what, where: gnomon, stick · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Day and night, shadows and sundials» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sundial, stick, Earth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 sundial | det |
| 2 | sundial | sundial | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 tells | nsubj |
| 3 | tells | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 time | det |
| 5 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 tells | obj |
| 6 | by | by | ADP | _ | 8 shadow | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 shadow | det |
| 8 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 tells | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 stick | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 stick | det |
| 11 | stick | stick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 shadow | nmod |
| 12 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 stick | acl |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 gnomon | det |
| 14 | gnomon | gnomon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 called | xcomp |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 moves | punct |
| 16 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 moves | nsubj |
| 17 | moves | move | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 stick | acl:relcl |
| 18 | round | round | ADV | _ | 17 moves | advmod |
| 19 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 22 turns | mark |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 Earth | det |
| 21 | Earth | Earth | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 turns | nsubj |
| 22 | turns | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 moves | advcl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 tells | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | present | a sundial | time | by the shadow of a stick | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | call | participle | a stick not said here | a gnomon | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | move | present | a stick | round property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | turn | present | the Earth | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | shadow | a stick | nom shadow «state transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/118-day-night-shadows-sundials/13/