Day and night, shadows and sundials, sentence 16
The Earth's axis is tilted, so away from the equator summer days are long and winter days are short.
Who acts: summer days, winter days · What happens: tilt, be · To what, where: axis
This is a sentence of the lesson «Day and night, shadows and sundials» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (summer days, winter days), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Earth | det |
| 2 | Earth | Earth | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 axis | nmod:poss |
| 3 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 2 Earth | case |
| 4 | axis | axis | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 tilted | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 tilted | aux:pass |
| 6 | tilted | tilt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 away | punct |
| 8 | so | so | ADV | _ | 9 away | advmod |
| 9 | away | away | ADV | _ | 6 tilted | advmod |
| 10 | from | from | ADP | _ | 12 equator | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 days | det |
| 12 | equator | equator | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 away | nmod |
| 13 | summer | summer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 days | compound |
| 14 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 long | nsubj |
| 15 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 long | cop |
| 16 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 tilted | conj |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 short | cc |
| 18 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 days | compound |
| 19 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 short | nsubj |
| 20 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 short | cop |
| 21 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 long | conj |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 tilted | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tilt | present · passive | the Earth's axis | away property | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is | present | the summer days | long property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is | present | winter days | short property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/118-day-night-shadows-sundials/16/