Day and night, shadows and sundials, sentence 5

A sundial is a stick, called a gnomon, that throws a shadow onto marks; as the Earth turns, the shadow creeps round like a clock hand.

Who acts: sundial, stick, Earth, shadow · What happens: be, call, throw, turn, creep · To what, where: stick, gnomon, shadow, marks · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Day and night, shadows and sundials» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sundial, stick, Earth, shadow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 sundial	det
2	sundial	sundial	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stick	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 stick	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 stick	det
5	stick	stick	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 called	punct
7	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 stick	acl
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 gnomon	det
9	gnomon	gnomon	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 called	xcomp
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 throws	punct
11	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 throws	nsubj
12	throws	throw	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 stick	acl:relcl
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 shadow	det
14	shadow	shadow	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 throws	obj
15	onto	onto	ADP	_	16 marks	case
16	marks	mark	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 throws	obl
17	;	;	PUNCT	_	5 stick	punct
18	as	as	SCONJ	_	21 turns	mark
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 Earth	det
20	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 turns	nsubj
21	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 creeps	advcl
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 creeps	punct
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 shadow	det
24	shadow	shadow	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 creeps	nsubj
25	creeps	creep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 stick	parataxis
26	round	round	ADV	_	25 creeps	advmod
27	like	like	ADP	_	30 hand	case
28	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	30 hand	det
29	clock	clock	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 hand	compound
30	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 creeps	obl
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 stick	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a sundial	a stick			tree rules
2	call	participle	a stick not said here	a gnomon			vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	throw	present	a stick	a shadow	marks		vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent shadow=Theme onto mark=Destination
4	turn	present	the Earth				vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
5	creep	present	the shadow			like a clock hand; round property	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials.lesson:5.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/118-day-night-shadows-sundials/5/