The date line and summer time: clocks going forward and back, sentence 7
A builder, William Willett, pushed for it in Britain from 1907, because he hated seeing curtains closed on bright summer mornings; Germany and then Britain started it in 1916, during the First World War, to save coal.
Who acts: builder, curtains, Germany · What happens: push, hate, see, close, start, save · To what, where: Britain, curtains, fall, 1916, coal
This is a sentence of the lesson «The date line and summer time: clocks going forward and back» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (builder, curtains, Germany), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 builder | det |
| 2 | builder | builder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 pushed | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 William | punct |
| 4 | William | William | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 builder | appos |
| 5 | Willett | Willett | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 William | flat |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 pushed | punct |
| 7 | pushed | push | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 9 it | case |
| 9 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 pushed | obl |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 Britain | case |
| 11 | Britain | Britain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 pushed | obl |
| 12 | from | from | ADP | _ | 13 1907 | case |
| 13 | 1907 | 1907 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 7 pushed | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 hated | punct |
| 15 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 17 hated | mark |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 hated | nsubj |
| 17 | hated | hate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 pushed | advcl |
| 18 | seeing | see | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 17 hated | xcomp |
| 19 | curtains | curtain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 seeing | obj |
| 20 | closed | close | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 seeing | xcomp |
| 21 | on | on | ADP | _ | 24 mornings | case |
| 22 | bright | bright | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 mornings | amod |
| 23 | summer | summer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 mornings | compound |
| 24 | mornings | morning | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 closed | obl |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 started | punct |
| 26 | Germany | Germany | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 started | nsubj |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 Britain | cc |
| 28 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 29 Britain | advmod |
| 29 | Britain | Britain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Germany | conj |
| 30 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 pushed | conj |
| 31 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 started | obj |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 1916 | case |
| 33 | 1916 | 1916 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 30 started | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 started | punct |
| 35 | during | during | ADP | _ | 39 War | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 War | det |
| 37 | First | First | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 39 War | amod |
| 38 | World | World | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 War | compound |
| 39 | War | War | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 started | obl |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 started | punct |
| 41 | to | to | PART | _ | 42 save | mark |
| 42 | save | save | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 started | advcl |
| 43 | coal | coal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 save | obj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 pushed | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | push | past | a builder | Britain | for fall; from 1907 | vn split-23.2 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient from 1907=Co-Patient | |||
| 2 | hate | past | builder | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | see not said to happen | gerund | builder not said here | curtains | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | close | participle | curtains not said here | morning | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 5 | start | past | Germany and Britain | fall | 1916 | during the First World War | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality | ||
| 6 | save | to-infinitive | Germany and Britain not said here | coal | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coal=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:121-date-line-and-summer-time.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/121-date-line-and-summer-time/7/