Clocks before clocks: sundials, water clocks, candles and hourglasses, sentence 7
An hourglass is a timer you can watch: sand falls through a narrow neck.
Who acts: hourglass, you, sand · What happens: be, watch, fall · To what, where: timer, narrow neck
This is a sentence of the lesson «Clocks before clocks: sundials, water clocks, candles and hourglasses» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hourglass, you, sand), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | An | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 hourglass | det |
| 2 | hourglass | hourglass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 timer | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 timer | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 timer | det |
| 5 | timer | timer | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 8 watch | nsubj |
| 7 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 watch | aux |
| 8 | watch | watch | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 timer | acl:relcl |
| 9 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 11 falls | punct |
| 10 | sand | sand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 falls | nsubj |
| 11 | falls | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 timer | parataxis |
| 12 | through | through | ADP | _ | 15 neck | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 neck | det |
| 14 | narrow | narrow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 neck | amod |
| 15 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 falls | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 timer | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=narrator
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a hourglass | a timer | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | watch | can | you | a timer not said here | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent timer=Theme | ||||
| 3 | fall | present | sand | a narrow neck | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through neck=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:122-clocks-before-clocks.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/122-clocks-before-clocks/7/