Growing up: ages of people and pets, and the "dog years" myth, sentence 4
A vets' guide for a middle-sized dog says year 1 is like about 15 human years, year 2 brings it to about 24, then add about 5 for each year after: a 3-year-old dog is like about 28 or 29, not 21.
Who acts: guide, year, old dog · What happens: size, say, be, bring, add · To what, where: guide, 24, 5, 28 · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Growing up: ages of people and pets, and the "dog years" myth» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (guide, year, old dog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 guide | det |
| 2 | vets | vet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 guide | nmod:poss |
| 3 | ' | 's | PART | _ | 2 vets | case |
| 4 | guide | guide | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 says | nsubj |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 10 dog | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 dog | det |
| 7 | middle | middle | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 sized | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 middle | punct |
| 9 | sized | size | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 dog | amod |
| 10 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 guide | nmod |
| 11 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 years | nsubj |
| 13 | 1 | 1 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 12 year | flat |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 years | cop |
| 15 | like | like | ADP | _ | 19 years | case |
| 16 | about | about | ADV | _ | 17 15 | advmod |
| 17 | 15 | 15 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 19 years | nummod |
| 18 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 years | amod |
| 19 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 says | ccomp |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 brings | punct |
| 21 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 brings | nsubj |
| 22 | 2 | 2 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 21 year | flat |
| 23 | brings | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 says | parataxis |
| 24 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 brings | obj |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 27 24 | case |
| 26 | about | about | ADV | _ | 27 24 | advmod |
| 27 | 24 | 24 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 23 brings | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 24 | punct |
| 29 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 30 add | advmod |
| 30 | add | add | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 brings | advcl |
| 31 | about | about | ADV | _ | 32 5 | advmod |
| 32 | 5 | 5 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 30 add | obj |
| 33 | for | for | ADP | _ | 35 year | case |
| 34 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 35 year | det |
| 35 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 5 | nmod |
| 36 | after | after | ADV | _ | 35 year | advmod |
| 37 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 30 add | punct |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 44 dog | det |
| 39 | 3 | 3 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 41 year | nummod |
| 40 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 39 3 | punct |
| 41 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 old | compound |
| 42 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 41 year | punct |
| 43 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 dog | amod |
| 44 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 28 | nsubj |
| 45 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 48 28 | cop |
| 46 | like | like | INTJ | _ | 48 28 | discourse |
| 47 | about | about | ADV | _ | 48 28 | advmod |
| 48 | 28 | 28 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 11 says | parataxis |
| 49 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 50 29 | cc |
| 50 | 29 | 29 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 48 28 | conj |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 21 | punct |
| 52 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 53 21 | advmod |
| 53 | 21 | 21 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 48 28 | conj |
| 54 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 says | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | size | participle | tree rules | ||||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | present | vets's guide for a sized dog | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is | present | year | like 15 human years | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | bring | present | year | guide | 24 | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme to 24=Destination | |||
| 5 | add speech: assert | infinitive | year not said here | 5 | for each year; then | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 5=Patient | |||
| 6 | is a | present | a old dog | 28 | about property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:128-growing-up-ages-dog-years.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/128-growing-up-ages-dog-years/4/