The water cycle, sentence 15
Much of Earth's fresh water is frozen in ice sheets, huge sheets of ice covering land, and glaciers, slow rivers of ice.
Who acts: ice · What happens: freeze, cover · To what, where: Much, ice sheets, land
This is a sentence of the lesson «The water cycle» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 frozen | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 water | case |
| 3 | Earth | Earth | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 water | nmod:poss |
| 4 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 3 Earth | case |
| 5 | fresh | fresh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 water | amod |
| 6 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Much | nmod |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 frozen | aux:pass |
| 8 | frozen | freeze | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 sheets | case |
| 10 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sheets | compound |
| 11 | sheets | sheet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 frozen | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 sheets | punct |
| 13 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 sheets | amod |
| 14 | sheets | sheet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 sheets | conj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 ice | case |
| 16 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 sheets | nmod |
| 17 | covering | cover | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 16 ice | acl |
| 18 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 covering | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 glaciers | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 glaciers | cc |
| 21 | glaciers | glacier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 sheets | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 rivers | punct |
| 23 | slow | slow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 rivers | amod |
| 24 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 sheets | conj |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 ice | case |
| 26 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 rivers | nmod |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 frozen | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | freeze | present · passive | Much of Earth's fresh water | ice sheets and huge sheets of ice and glaciers and slow rivers of ice | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result | ||||
| 2 | cover | gerund | ice not said here | land | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme land=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:014-the-water-cycle.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/14-the-water-cycle/15/