Weather: pressure, wind, clouds and storms, sentence 13
Hail is balls of ice that grow in tall storm clouds, carried up and down by strong winds.
Who acts: Hail, ice · What happens: be, grow, carry up · To what, where: balls, tall storm clouds
This is a sentence of the lesson «Weather: pressure, wind, clouds and storms» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hail, ice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hail | hail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 balls | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 balls | cop |
| 3 | balls | ball | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 ice | case |
| 5 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 balls | nmod |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 grow | nsubj |
| 7 | grow | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 ice | acl:relcl |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 clouds | case |
| 9 | tall | tall | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 clouds | amod |
| 10 | storm | storm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 clouds | compound |
| 11 | clouds | cloud | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 grow | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 carried | punct |
| 13 | carried | carry | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 clouds | acl |
| 14 | up | up | ADP | _ | 13 carried | compound:prt |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 down | cc |
| 16 | down | down | ADV | _ | 13 carried | conj |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 19 winds | case |
| 18 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 winds | amod |
| 19 | winds | wind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 carried | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 balls | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Hail | balls | of ice | tree rules | |||
| 2 | grow | present | ice | tall storm clouds | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cloud=Location | ||||
| 3 | carry up | participle | tall storm clouds not said here | by strong winds | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:015-weather.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/15-weather/13/