The rumour that grows, sentence 25
Saying someone cheated without proof is unfair; if nobody saw it, drop it.
Who acts: someone, Saying, nobody, proof · What happens: say, cheat, be, see, drop · To what, where: proof · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The rumour that grows» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (someone, Saying, nobody, proof), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Saying | say | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 unfair | csubj |
| 2 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 3 cheated | nsubj |
| 3 | cheated | cheat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 1 Saying | ccomp |
| 4 | without | without | ADP | _ | 5 proof | case |
| 5 | proof | proof | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 cheated | obl |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 unfair | cop |
| 7 | unfair | unfair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 7 unfair | punct |
| 9 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 11 saw | mark |
| 10 | nobody | nobody | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 11 saw | nsubj |
| 11 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 unfair | conj |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 saw | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 drop | punct |
| 14 | drop | drop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 saw | xcomp |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 drop | obj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 unfair | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | gerund | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 2 | cheat | past | someone | without proof | vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | is | present | Saying | unfair property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | see a condition, not said to happen | past | nobody | proof | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | drop | infinitive | proof not said here | proof | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:167-the-rumour-that-grows.lesson:25.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/167-the-rumour-that-grows/25/