"How do you know?", sentence 10
Astronauts say the Great Wall of China is very hard or impossible to see from space with bare eyes, because it is long but narrow.
Who acts: Astronauts, Great Wall, Wall · What happens: say, be, see · To what, where: space · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «"How do you know?"» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Astronauts, Great Wall, Wall), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Astronauts | astronaut | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 say | nsubj |
| 2 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 Wall | det |
| 4 | Great | Great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 Wall | amod |
| 5 | Wall | Wall | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 hard | nsubj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 China | case |
| 7 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Wall | nmod |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 hard | cop |
| 9 | very | very | ADV | _ | 10 hard | advmod |
| 10 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 say | ccomp |
| 11 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 12 impossible | cc |
| 12 | impossible | impossible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 hard | conj |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 see | mark |
| 14 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 impossible | xcomp |
| 15 | from | from | ADP | _ | 16 space | case |
| 16 | space | space | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 see | obl |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 eyes | case |
| 18 | bare | bare | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 eyes | amod |
| 19 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 see | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 long | punct |
| 21 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 24 long | mark |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 long | nsubj |
| 23 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 long | cop |
| 24 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 hard | advcl |
| 25 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 26 narrow | cc |
| 26 | narrow | narrow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 long | conj |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 say | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | Astronauts | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is | present | the Great Wall of China | hard property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | be | the Great Wall of China not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | see | to-infinitive | the Great Wall of China not said here | space | with bare eyes | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||
| 5 | is | present | Wall | long property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | be | Wall not said here | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:186-how-do-you-know.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/186-how-do-you-know/10/