Groups of animals and how to tell them apart, sentence 12
Young amphibians usually live in water and breathe with gills; adults usually breathe with lungs and through their skin.
Who acts: Young amphibians, adults · What happens: live, breathe · To what, where: water
This is a sentence of the lesson «Groups of animals and how to tell them apart» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Young amphibians, adults), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 amphibians | amod |
| 2 | amphibians | amphibian | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 live | nsubj |
| 3 | usually | usually | ADV | _ | 4 live | advmod |
| 4 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 water | case |
| 6 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 live | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 breathe | cc |
| 8 | breathe | breathe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 live | conj |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 gills | case |
| 10 | gills | gill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 breathe | obl |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 adults | punct |
| 12 | adults | adult | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 breathe | nsubj |
| 13 | usually | usually | ADV | _ | 14 breathe | advmod |
| 14 | breathe | breathe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 live | parataxis |
| 15 | with | with | ADP | _ | 16 lungs | case |
| 16 | lungs | lung | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 breathe | obl |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 skin | cc |
| 18 | through | through | ADP | _ | 20 skin | case |
| 19 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 skin | nmod:poss |
| 20 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 lungs | conj |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 live | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | present | Young amphibians | water | usually property | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Location | |||
| 2 | breathe | present | Young amphibians not said here | with gills | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | breathe | present | adults | with lungs and amphibians's skin; usually property | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:024-animal-groups.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/24-animal-groups/12/