Habitats and adaptations, sentence 11
Spines lose much less water than leaves and also protect the cactus from animals.
Who acts: Spines · What happens: lose, protect · To what, where: less water, cactus
This is a sentence of the lesson «Habitats and adaptations» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Spines), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Spines | spine | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 lose | nsubj |
| 2 | lose | lose | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | much | much | ADV | _ | 4 less | advmod |
| 4 | less | less | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 5 water | amod |
| 5 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 lose | obj |
| 6 | than | than | ADP | _ | 7 leaves | case |
| 7 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 lose | obl |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 protect | cc |
| 9 | also | also | ADV | _ | 10 protect | advmod |
| 10 | protect | protect | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 lose | conj |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 cactus | det |
| 12 | cactus | cactus | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 protect | obj |
| 13 | from | from | ADP | _ | 14 animals | case |
| 14 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 protect | obl |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 lose | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lose | present | Spines | less water | than leaves | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Eventuality | |||
| 2 | protect | present | Spines not said here | the cactus | from animals | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent cactus=Beneficiary from animal=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:027-habitats-and-adaptations.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/27-habitats-and-adaptations/11/