Habitats and adaptations, sentence 5
In a rainforest, monkeys have gripping hands and tails for the trees, and many animals have colours that help them hide (camouflage) or that warn they are poisonous.
Who acts: monkeys, many animals, colours, that · What happens: have, grip, help, hide, warn, be · To what, where: gripping hands, rainforest, colours, camouflage · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Habitats and adaptations» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (monkeys, many animals, colours, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 rainforest | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 rainforest | det |
| 3 | rainforest | rainforest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 have | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 rainforest | punct |
| 5 | monkeys | monkey | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 have | nsubj |
| 6 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | gripping | grip | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 hands | amod |
| 8 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 have | obj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 tails | cc |
| 10 | tails | tail | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 hands | conj |
| 11 | for | for | ADP | _ | 13 trees | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 trees | det |
| 13 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 hands | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 have | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 have | cc |
| 16 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 animals | amod |
| 17 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 have | nsubj |
| 18 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 have | conj |
| 19 | colours | colour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 have | obj |
| 20 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 help | nsubj |
| 21 | help | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 colours | acl:relcl |
| 22 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 help | obj |
| 23 | hide | hide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 help | xcomp |
| 24 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 25 camouflage | punct |
| 25 | camouflage | camouflage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 hide | obj |
| 26 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 25 camouflage | punct |
| 27 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 29 warn | cc |
| 28 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 29 warn | nsubj |
| 29 | warn | warn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 help | conj |
| 30 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 poisonous | nsubj |
| 31 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 poisonous | cop |
| 32 | poisonous | poisonous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 warn | ccomp |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 have | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | monkeys | gripping hands and tails | a rainforest | for the trees | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient | ||
| 2 | grip | gerund | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | have | present | many animals | colours | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient | ||||
| 4 | help | present | colours | colours = colour | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary clause=Theme | ||||
| 5 | hide | infinitive | colours = colour not said here | camouflage | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent camouflage=Patient | ||||
| 6 | warn speech: warn | present | that | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | is | present | monkeys = monkey | poisonous property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:027-habitats-and-adaptations.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/27-habitats-and-adaptations/5/