Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is shaped, sentence 16
Wind, rain, ice and frost slowly break rocks into smaller pieces; this is called weathering.
Who acts: Wind · What happens: break, call · To what, where: rocks, smaller pieces, this · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is shaped» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 break | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 rain | punct |
| 3 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Wind | conj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 ice | punct |
| 5 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Wind | conj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 frost | cc |
| 7 | frost | frost | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Wind | conj |
| 8 | slowly | slowly | ADV | _ | 9 break | advmod |
| 9 | break | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 break | obj |
| 11 | into | into | ADP | _ | 13 pieces | case |
| 12 | smaller | small | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 13 pieces | amod |
| 13 | pieces | piece | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 break | obl |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 called | punct |
| 15 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 17 called | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 called | aux:pass |
| 17 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 break | parataxis |
| 18 | weathering | weathering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 called | xcomp |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 break | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | break | present | Wind and rain and ice and frost | rocks | into smaller pieces result; slowly property | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent rock=Patient into piece=Result | |||
| 2 | call | present · passive | this | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:043-landforms.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/43-landforms/16/