Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is shaped, sentence 19
Some rock high in mountains formed long ago under the sea and was pushed up when plates collided, so it can hold shells of sea animals.
Who acts: plates, rock · What happens: form, push up, collide, hold · To what, where: rock, sea, shells
This is a sentence of the lesson «Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is shaped» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (plates, rock), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 2 rock | det |
| 2 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 formed | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 rock | amod |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 mountains | case |
| 5 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 high | obl |
| 6 | formed | form | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 8 ago | advmod |
| 8 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 6 formed | advmod |
| 9 | under | under | ADP | _ | 11 sea | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 sea | det |
| 11 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 formed | obl |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 pushed | cc |
| 13 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 pushed | aux:pass |
| 14 | pushed | push | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 formed | conj |
| 15 | up | up | ADP | _ | 14 pushed | compound:prt |
| 16 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 18 collided | advmod |
| 17 | plates | plate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 collided | nsubj |
| 18 | collided | collide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 pushed | advcl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 hold | punct |
| 20 | so | so | ADV | _ | 23 hold | advmod |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 hold | nsubj |
| 22 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 hold | aux |
| 23 | hold | hold | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 collided | advcl |
| 24 | shells | shell | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 hold | obj |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 animals | case |
| 26 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 animals | compound |
| 27 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 shells | nmod |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 formed | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | form | past · passive | some rock | the sea | ago property | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | |||
| 2 | push up | past · passive | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP» | ||||||
| 3 | collide | past | plates | vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V together»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | hold | can | rock | shells of sea animals | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shell=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:043-landforms.lesson:19.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/43-landforms/19/