Time and history: the timeline and how people lived long ago, sentence 13
Writing was invented about 5,000 years ago in Mesopotamia, in the land between two rivers in the Middle East.
What happens: invent · To what, where: Writing, Mesopotamia
This is a sentence of the lesson «Time and history: the timeline and how people lived long ago» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Writing | writing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 invented | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 invented | aux:pass |
| 3 | invented | invent | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | about | about | ADV | _ | 5 5,000 | advmod |
| 5 | 5,000 | 5000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 6 years | nummod |
| 6 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 ago | obl:unmarked |
| 7 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 3 invented | advmod |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 Mesopotamia | case |
| 9 | Mesopotamia | Mesopotamia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 invented | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 land | punct |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 land | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 land | det |
| 13 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 invented | obl |
| 14 | between | between | ADP | _ | 16 rivers | case |
| 15 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 16 rivers | nummod |
| 16 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 land | nmod |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 East | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 East | det |
| 19 | Middle | Middle | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 East | compound |
| 20 | East | East | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 rivers | nmod |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 invented | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | invent | past · passive | Writing | Mesopotamia | in the land between two rivers in the Middle East; ago property | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:048-time-and-history.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/48-time-and-history/13/