The Sun as a star and the stars, sentence 9
The nearest star after the Sun is more than four light-years away; a light-year is how far light travels in one year.
Who acts: nearest star, light year · What happens: be
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Sun as a star and the stars» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (nearest star, light year), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 star | det |
| 2 | nearest | near | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 3 star | amod |
| 3 | star | star | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 more | nsubj |
| 4 | after | after | ADP | _ | 6 Sun | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 Sun | det |
| 6 | Sun | Sun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 star | nmod |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 more | cop |
| 8 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 9 | than | than | ADP | _ | 13 years | case |
| 10 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 13 years | nummod |
| 11 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 years | compound |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 light | punct |
| 13 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 away | obl:unmarked |
| 14 | away | away | ADV | _ | 8 more | advmod |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 travels | punct |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 year | det |
| 17 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 year | compound |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 light | punct |
| 19 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 travels | nsubj |
| 20 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 travels | cop |
| 21 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 22 far | advmod |
| 22 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 24 travels | advmod |
| 23 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 travels | nsubj |
| 24 | travels | travel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 more | parataxis |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 year | case |
| 26 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 27 year | nummod |
| 27 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 travels | obl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 more | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the nearest star after the Sun | away, more property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is | present | a light year | year | far, travel property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:005-the-sun-and-the-stars.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/5-the-sun-and-the-stars/9/