Simple machines and how they help, sentence 3

If you push far from the pivot, a small force can lift a heavy load that sits close to the pivot — that is how a long crowbar lifts a big stone.

Who acts: you, small force, heavy load, that, long crowbar · What happens: push, lift, sit, be · To what, where: heavy load, big stone

This is a sentence of the lesson «Simple machines and how they help» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, small force, heavy load, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	If	if	SCONJ	_	3 push	mark
2	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	3 push	nsubj
3	push	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 lift	advcl
4	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	3 push	advmod
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 pivot	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 pivot	det
7	pivot	pivot	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 far	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 push	punct
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 force	det
10	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 force	amod
11	force	force	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 lift	nsubj
12	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 lift	aux
13	lift	lift	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 load	det
15	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 load	amod
16	load	load	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 lift	obj
17	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	18 sits	nsubj
18	sits	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 load	acl:relcl
19	close	close	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 sits	xcomp
20	to	to	ADP	_	22 pivot	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 pivot	det
22	pivot	pivot	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 close	obl
23	—	-	PUNCT	_	18 sits	punct
24	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	26 how	nsubj
25	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 how	cop
26	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	18 sits	conj
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	29 crowbar	det
28	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 crowbar	amod
29	crowbar	crowbar	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 lifts	nsubj
30	lifts	lift	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 how	ccomp
31	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	33 stone	det
32	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 stone	amod
33	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 lifts	obj
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 lift	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed act=assert

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	push a condition, not said to happen	present	you		far property	vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent
2	lift	can	a small force	a heavy load		vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent load=Theme
3	sit	present	a heavy load		close property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	is	present	that		how property	tree rules
5	lift	present	a long crowbar	a big stone		vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:052-simple-machines.lesson:3.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/52-simple-machines/3/