Sound — vibrations, loudness, pitch and echoes, sentence 16
An echo is a sound that bounces back from a hard surface.
Who acts: echo, sound · What happens: be, bounce back · To what, where: sound
This is a sentence of the lesson «Sound — vibrations, loudness, pitch and echoes» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (echo, sound), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | An | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 echo | det |
| 2 | echo | echo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 sound | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 sound | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 sound | det |
| 5 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 bounces | nsubj |
| 7 | bounces | bounce | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 sound | acl:relcl |
| 8 | back | back | ADV | _ | 7 bounces | advmod |
| 9 | from | from | ADP | _ | 12 surface | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 surface | det |
| 11 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 surface | amod |
| 12 | surface | surface | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 back | obl |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 sound | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a echo | a sound | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | bounce back | present | a sound | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:054-sound.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/54-sound/16/