People and society — communities, work, money and rules, sentence 3
Long ago people traded by barter — swapping a sack of grain for a pair of shoes.
Who acts: people · What happens: trade, swap · To what, where: sack
This is a sentence of the lesson «People and society — communities, work, money and rules» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 2 ago | advmod |
| 2 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 4 traded | advmod |
| 3 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 traded | nsubj |
| 4 | traded | trade | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 6 barter | case |
| 6 | barter | barter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 traded | obl |
| 7 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 swapping | punct |
| 8 | swapping | swap | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 traded | advcl |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 sack | det |
| 10 | sack | sack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 swapping | obj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 grain | case |
| 12 | grain | grain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 sack | nmod |
| 13 | for | for | ADP | _ | 15 pair | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 pair | det |
| 15 | pair | pair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 swapping | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 shoes | case |
| 17 | shoes | shoe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 pair | nmod |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 traded | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=narrate
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | trade | past | people | by barter; ago property | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | swap | gerund | people not said here | a sack of grain | for a pair of shoes | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent sack=Theme for pair=Co-Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:058-people-and-society.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/58-people-and-society/3/