Thinking it through — forces, heat, light and energy, sentence 4
A lever trades distance for force: if your end of the bar is ten times further from the pivot than the stone, you need about a tenth of the force, but your end must move ten times as far.
Who acts: lever, end, you · What happens: trade, be, need, move · To what, where: distance, pivot, tenth
This is a sentence of the lesson «Thinking it through — forces, heat, light and energy» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lever, end, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 lever | det |
| 2 | lever | lever | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 trades | nsubj |
| 3 | trades | trade | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | distance | distance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 trades | obj |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 6 force | case |
| 6 | force | force | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 distance | nmod |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 26 need | punct |
| 8 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 17 further | mark |
| 9 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 end | nmod:poss |
| 10 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 further | nsubj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 bar | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 bar | det |
| 13 | bar | bar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 end | nmod |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 further | cop |
| 15 | ten | ten | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 16 times | nummod |
| 16 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 further | obl:unmarked |
| 17 | further | far | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 26 need | advcl |
| 18 | from | from | ADP | _ | 20 pivot | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 pivot | det |
| 20 | pivot | pivot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 further | obl |
| 21 | than | than | ADP | _ | 23 stone | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 stone | det |
| 23 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 pivot | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 further | punct |
| 25 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 26 need | nsubj |
| 26 | need | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 trades | parataxis |
| 27 | about | about | ADV | _ | 29 tenth | advmod |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 tenth | det |
| 29 | tenth | tenth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 need | obj |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 force | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 force | det |
| 32 | force | force | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 tenth | nmod |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 move | punct |
| 34 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 38 move | cc |
| 35 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 end | nmod:poss |
| 36 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 move | nsubj |
| 37 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 move | aux |
| 38 | move | move | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 trades | parataxis |
| 39 | ten | ten | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 40 times | nummod |
| 40 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 move | obl:unmarked |
| 41 | as | as | ADV | _ | 42 far | advmod |
| 42 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 38 move | advmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 trades | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | trade | present | a lever | distance | for force | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent distance=Theme for force=Co-Theme | |||
| 2 | is a condition, not said to happen | present | your end of the bar | the pivot than the stone | time | far property | tree rules | ||
| 3 | need | present | you | a tenth of the force | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot tenth=Theme | ||||
| 4 | move | must | your end | time | far property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:060-reasoning-energy-technology.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/4/