Rivers, lakes and the sea up close, sentence 0
A river collects water from all the land that slopes towards it, called its drainage basin; small streams called tributaries join it on the way, so it grows bigger as it flows downhill.
Who acts: river, land, small streams · What happens: collect, slope, call, join, grow, flow · To what, where: water, land, drainage basin, tributaries, basin, way · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Rivers, lakes and the sea up close» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (river, land, small streams), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 river | det |
| 2 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 collects | nsubj |
| 3 | collects | collect | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 collects | obj |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 8 land | case |
| 6 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 8 land | det:predet |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 land | det |
| 8 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 collects | obl |
| 9 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 slopes | nsubj |
| 10 | slopes | slope | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 land | acl:relcl |
| 11 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 12 it | case |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 slopes | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 called | punct |
| 14 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 land | acl |
| 15 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 basin | nmod:poss |
| 16 | drainage | drainage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 basin | compound |
| 17 | basin | basin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 called | obj |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 streams | punct |
| 19 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 streams | amod |
| 20 | streams | stream | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 join | nsubj |
| 21 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 streams | acl |
| 22 | tributaries | tributary | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 called | xcomp |
| 23 | join | join | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 collects | parataxis |
| 24 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 join | obj |
| 25 | on | on | ADP | _ | 27 way | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 way | det |
| 27 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 join | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 grows | punct |
| 29 | so | so | ADV | _ | 31 grows | advmod |
| 30 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 grows | nsubj |
| 31 | grows | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 collects | conj |
| 32 | bigger | big | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 31 grows | xcomp |
| 33 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 35 flows | mark |
| 34 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 flows | nsubj |
| 35 | flows | flow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 grows | advcl |
| 36 | downhill | downhill | ADV | _ | 35 flows | advmod |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 collects | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | collect | present | a river | water | all land | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent water=Theme from land=Source | |||
| 2 | slope | present | all land | towards river | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | call | participle | all land not said here | river's drainage basin | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent basin=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | call | participle | small streams not said here | tributaries | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | join | present | small streams | basin | the way | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | |||
| 6 | grow | present | river | big property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 7 | flow | present | river | downhill property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:064-rivers-lakes-and-the-sea.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/64-rivers-lakes-and-the-sea/0/