Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands, sentence 13
A glacier can carry huge boulders far from where they broke off and drop them when the ice melts.
Who acts: glacier, boulders, ice · What happens: carry, break off, drop, melt · To what, where: huge boulders, boulders
This is a sentence of the lesson «Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (glacier, boulders, ice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 glacier | det |
| 2 | glacier | glacier | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 carry | nsubj |
| 3 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 carry | aux |
| 4 | carry | carry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 boulders | amod |
| 6 | boulders | boulder | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 carry | obj |
| 7 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 9 where | advmod |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 where | case |
| 9 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 11 broke | advmod |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 broke | nsubj |
| 11 | broke | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 boulders | acl:relcl |
| 12 | off | off | ADP | _ | 11 broke | compound:prt |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 drop | cc |
| 14 | drop | drop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 carry | conj |
| 15 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 drop | obj |
| 16 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 19 melts | mark |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 ice | det |
| 18 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 melts | nsubj |
| 19 | melts | melt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 drop | advcl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 carry | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | carry | can | a glacier | huge boulders | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boulder=Theme | ||||
| 2 | break off | past | boulders = boulder | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 3 | drop | infinitive | a glacier not said here | boulders = boulder | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | ||||
| 4 | melt | present | the ice | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:065-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/65-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands/13/